![]() ![]() ![]() CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that even acute hypoxia has the potential to drastically alter the growth, differentiation characteristics, and apoptotic sensitivity of a prostate cancer cell. The phosphorylation of Akt/protein kinase B and its downstream target, forkhead protein, was highly up‐regulated by hypoxia, and cells exposed to transient periods of hypoxia became significantly less sensitive to an apoptotic stimulus (exposure to phorbol ester) when compared with normoxic cells. Some of these latter changes (reduction of c‐myc and cyclin D expression) were not accompanied by corresponding reduction of mRNAs and were abrogated by a proteosome inhibitor (MG132), suggesting that their loss was associated with their increased degradation rather than through transcriptional controls. In contrast, expression of differentiation‐specific proteins (prostate specific antigen and androgen receptor) or proliferative‐regulatory proteins (c‐myc, cyclin D1, p27) were down‐regulated by hypoxia. RESULTS Exposure of LNCaP cells to acute hypoxia activated a typical cellular hypoxia response characterized by up‐regulation of HIF‐1α and vascular endothelial growth factor protein expression. ![]() METHODS LNCaP cultures were placed in a hypoxia chamber for up to 24 hr and were compared with control (normoxic) cells for the expression of gene products by Western blotting and semiquantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction techniques. For example, the version field of 'maxp' table version 0.5 is 0x00005000, and that of 'vhea' table version 1.1 is 0x00011000. To establish whether hypoxia‐responsiveness (by means of the action of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) ‐1α protein) might affect the tumorigenic or survival properties of prostate cancer cells, we studied how acute exposure of cultured human prostate cancer cells (LNCaP cell line) to hypoxia might alter their pattern of gene expression and their in vitro behavior. Non-zero minor version numbers are represented using digits 0 to 9 in the highest-order nibbles of the lower 16 bits. Buttyan, RalphīACKGROUND Androgen withdrawal, the standard therapeutic strategy for advanced prostate cancer, induces a rapid reduction of blood flow to prostate and prostate cancer tissues and the concomitant onset of a hypoxic environment in these tissues. Chen, Min‐Wei Burchardt, Martin Olsson, L. Because TrueType instructions can lead to Font Heights that differ from the. Windows calls this distance the Font Height. Under Windows, the usWinAscent and usWinDescent values from the OS/2 table will be used to determine the maximum black height for a font at any given size. Acute hypoxia increases the aggressive characteristics and survival properties of prostate cancer cells Acute hypoxia increases the aggressive characteristics and survival properties of prostate cancer. The VDMX table relates to OpenType fonts with TrueType outlines. ![]()
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